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[QualitiAmo - Stefania]

Su Lean Blog potete leggere un articolo dal titolo: "Statistics on Healthcare Quality and Patient Safety".

Questa è la versione tradotta in italiano con il traduttore automatico di Google.

On the heels of the "Dead by Mistake" articles in the news today, I'm once again having trouble finding a single consolidated referenced list of key healthcare safety and quality statistics, so I'm going to try to build that here. Will be updated frequently. If you have other statistics and sources to share, email me or post a comment.
How many patients die each year in the U.S. due to preventable errors?

Death numbers vary widely, depending on the study and methodology:

Between 44,000 and 98,000 Americans die each year in U.S. hospitals due to preventable medical errors (Institute Of Medicine, 1999).

195,000 Americans die a year (HealthGrades, 2004)

32,500 patients die as a result of preventable medical errors in U.S. hospitals. The HHS number was lower than the IOM study because it only examined deaths resulting from 18 specific types of medical injuries. (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2003)

In addition:

99,000 patients die as a result of hospital-acquired infections (HAI) each year (AHRQ, 2009). The most common HAI agent is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (AHRQ, 2008).

NOTE: Total deaths from errors and infections would be quoted as 99,000 plus one of the top three estimates.

Hospital errors rank between the fifth and eighth leading cause of death, killing more Americans than breast cancer, traffic accidents or AIDS (IOM).

Just one type of error—preventable adverse drug events—caused one out of five injuries or deaths per year to patients in the hospitals that were studied (AHRQ, 2000).

About 7,000 people per year are estimated to die from medication errors alone—about 16 percent more deaths than the number attributable to work-related injuries (Kaiser Family Foundation).

Investigators in a major study discovered that failures at the system level were the real culprits in over three-fourths of adverse drug events (AHRQ, 2000).


How many patients are injured?

Errors like these are responsible for preventable injury in as many as 1 out of every 25 hospital patients (4% of hospitalizations) (AHRQ, 2000).

Approximately 1.14 million total patient safety incidents occurred among the 37
million hospitalizations in the Medicare population from 2000 through 2002 – 3.1% of hospitalizations (HealthGrades, 2004).

They concluded that 1% of patients were negligently injured (Harvard study, 1990).

At least 1.5 million Americans are sickened, injured or killed each year by errors in prescribing, dispensing and taking medications, the influential Institute of Medicine concluded in a major report (Washington Post, 2006).

Approximately 1.3 million people are injured annually in the United States following so-called "medication errors" (FDA)

One in five Americans (22%) report that they or a family member have experienced a medical error of some kind (Commonwealth Fund, 2002).


What does this cost?

The IOM report estimates that medical errors cost the Nation approximately $37.6 billion each year; about $17 billion of those costs are associated with preventable errors. About half of the expenditures for preventable medical errors are for direct health care costs (IOM, 1999).


How do we know these are “preventable?”

* One of the landmark studies on medical errors indicated 70 percent of adverse events found in a review of 1,133 medical records were preventable; 6 percent were potentially preventable; and 24 percent were not preventable.
* A study released last year, based on a chart review of 15,000 medical records in Colorado and Utah, found that 54 percent of surgical errors were preventable.


http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/errback.htm


Is this just a problem in the United States?

The risk of dying in hospital as a result of medical error is one in 300, Britain's most senior doctor warned yesterday (Guardian, 2006).

The official National Health Service (NHS) estimate of British patient deaths or serious injuries due to medical error is 11,000 cases a year (Parliament report, 2008).

Health Select Committee found that thousands of NHS mistakes are covered up and that a better estimate is that 72,000 patients die each year (The Sun, 2009).

A comprehensive study in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found preventable medical errors contribute to between 9,000 and 24,000 deaths in Canada a year (CBC, 2004).

As many as 23,750 patients die each year due to “adverse events” (defined by researchers as “unintended injuries or complications resulting in death or prolonged hospital stay that arise from health care management.”)

* About one in every 13 patients admitted to acute- care hospitals in Canada during fiscal year 2000 experienced one or more adverse events.
* About 37 per cent of these errors were highly preventable.” in other words human error. (Canadian Medical Association Journal, 2005)

A Saudi government report puts the death by medical error rate at 0.05 percent per 100,000 people (how do we interpret that exactly??).

"Errors in medical care affect up to 10% of patients worldwide, reports the World Health Organisation, which has issued a list of patient safety solutions to avoid common medical errors."

"At any one time, some 1.4 million people worldwide suffer from hospital-acquired infections, according to WHO figures."
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Stefania - Staff di QualitiAmo

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